This paper considers the new scientific and technological trends in petroleum geology. The hydrocarbon accumulations fall into the category of renewable natural resources. The reserves of explored oil-and-gas grow constantly, especially in the sea. The production of oil and gas incessantly increases. In the beginning of the XX century, the total production of oil in the world was 22 mln. t. In 2012, the total oil production in the world is going to reach 5 bn. t. An oil deposit is considered as a «living» fluid-saturated system, which motivates the usage of sparing and moderate development methods, with the depressions, which do not exceed the critical value within the range of 5–7 MPa. The emphasis was put on the importance of the «end-to-end» professionalism of scientists, managers and personnel. It was shown in West Siberia, especially in the Tomsk Region, where is celebrated the 50-th anniversary of oil-and-gas producing industry.