Innovations have become the industrial religion of the XXI century. The directions of innovative activity in the world are significantly different than in Russia. The state policy is to implement a number of programs (strategies). The most priorities are: the usage strategy of information and communication technologies; the development strategy of the aviation industry; and the development strategy of the defence-industrial complex. In Russia, on the regional level, the «innovation» is identified with all, connected with computers and nanotechnologies. The state and entrepreneurs receive the main income from the export of energy and raw materials. The relative low cost of labour is the accelerated growth factor of its application in oil and gas producing industry (instead of the wide usage of labor-saving processes and technologies). From the point of view of the application of new technologies in the field of exploration and searching for hydrocarbons, more efficient strategy is the absorption and purchase of other companies. Nevertheless, Russia still uses the innovative process in oil and gas sector. The dominant position is occupied by large vertically integrated companies.