Laboratory of Physical Metal Science, State Enterprise “Ukrainian State Research Institute of Special Steels, Alloys and Ferroalloys” (Zaporozhye, Ukraine):

Spektor Ya. I., Cand. Eng., Head of Laboratory, Chief Metrologist, e-mail: yaispektor@mail.ru
Kunitskaya I. A., Scientifi c Researcher

Central Plant Laboratory, Dneprospetsstal Electrometallurgical Works (Zaporozhye, Ukraine):

Salnikov A. S., Cand. Eng., Head of Laboratory
Tumko A. N., Cand. Eng., Head of Rolling Dept.

State Enterprise “State Institute of Designing Industrial Works “GIPROPROM” (Zaporozhye, Ukraine):

Sazhin M. E., Chief Engineer

Ukrainian Ministry of Economical Development and Trade (Kiev, Ukraine):

Derkach Yu. V., Deputy Head of Administration of Industrial Development. Head of Dept. of Development of Mining-Metallurgical Complex and Chemical Industry, Section of Industrial Policy

It is shown that application of through energy-saving technologies of combined deformation-heat treatment in rolling lines is a perspective direction in the development of production of competitive rolled products of special steels for strategic industrial branches. Energy-saving is achieved, firstly, due to either elimination or a significant reduction (by 30–70%) of time of heat treatment with separate heating and using of the heat from rolling heating in the process of quenching, normalization and annealing of structural, corrosion-resistant, bearing, tool and other special steels. Secondly, energy-saving is achieved due to the accelerating effect of multi-pass hot deformation on the both structural and phase transformations directly in the deformation area (due to the dynamic recrystallization) and during post-deformation cooling. As a result, structural effects are realized. Additionally, increase of the complex of physical-mechanical properties of special steels is ensured, what is unattainable in conventional technology. The grain size and the average size of carbides are reduced; the number of the carbide network as well as the remnants of lamellar pearlite are decreased; the uniformity and dispersity of globular perlite increase after annealing of bearing and tool steels. The contact endurance of bearings, fracture energy and operational stability of the track pins, long products (for example, boring rods) and other parts from rolled products with combined deformation-heat treatment are increased. The experience of the commercial testing of combined deformation and heat treatment, data analysis about the influence of technology on structure and properties of special steels and alloys are used in establishment of recommendations for technological tasks (TLZ) for designing of new modular lines of combined deformation-heat treatment of rolled products of special steels.

1. Eremenko S. P., Bernshteyn M. L. Stal — Steel in Translation. 1986. No. 4. pp. 69–74.
2. Bernshteyn M. L., Zaymovskiy V. A., Kaputkina L. M. Termomekhanicheskaya obrabotka stali (Thermomechanic processing of steel). Moscow : Metallurgiya, 1983. 480 p.
3. Tadashi Maki. Stainless steel: progress in thermomechanical treatment. Solid State and Materials Science. 1997. Vol. 2, Iss. 3. pp. 290–295.
4. Bernshteyn M. L., Kiste N. V., Samedov O. V., Faldin S. A. Izvestiya vuzov. Chernaya metallurgiya — Izvestiya VUZ. Chernaya Metallurgiya. 1979. No. 5. pp. 105.
5. Khlestov V. M., Konopleva E. V., Entin R. I. et al. Izvestiya vuzov. Chernaya metallurgiya — Izvestiya VUZ. Chernaya Metallurgiya. 1982. No. 3. pp. 100–104.
6. Kozlova A. G., Utevskiy L. M. Fizika metallov i metallovedenie — The Physics of Metals and Metallography. 1974. Vol. 37, No. 1. pp. 218– 220.
7. Dolzhenkov I. E., Dolzhenkov. I. I. Sferoidizatsiya karbidov v stali (Spheroidization of carbides in steel). Moscow : Metallurgiya, 1984. 143 p.
8. Sinelnikov M. I., Titarenko E. A. Stal — Steel in Translation. 1979. No. 4. pp. 303–305.
9. Spektor Ya. I., Nogovitsin A. V., Artamonov Yu. V. et al. Perspektivnye tekhnologii sovmeshchennoy deformatsionno-termicheskoy obrabotki prokata spetsialnykh staley (Prospective technologies of joint deformation-thermal processing of special steels’ rolling). Stroitelstvo, materialovedenie, mashinostroenie: Sbornik nauchnykh trudov konferentsii “Starodubovskie chteniya”. Vypusk 45.4 (Construction, materials science, mechanical engineering: collection of scientifi c proceedings of “Starodubov readings” conference. Issue 45.4). Dnepropetrovsk : Prydniprovs’ka State Academy of Civil Engineering and Architecture, 2008. pp. 18–31.
10. Bukhvalov A. B., Grigoreva E. V., Nikolaeva N. V. Fizika metallov i metallovedenie — The Physics of Metals and Metallography. 2003. Vol. 95, No. 3. pp. 78–87.
11. Spektor Ya. I., Kunitskaya I. N., Yatsenko Yu. V. et al. Metallovedenie i termicheskaya obrabotka metallov — Metal Science and Heat Treatment. 2008. No. 7. pp. 6–9.
12. Kunitskaya I. N., Spektor Ya. I., Olshanetskiy V. E. Metallovedenie i termicheskaya obrabotka metallov — Metal Science and Heat Treatment. 2011. No. 10. pp. 39–42.