Peter the Great St. Petersburg Polytechnic University, Saint Petersburg, Russia:

D. I. Budelovskiy, Student of a Chair “Technology and investigation of materials” (Institute of Metallurgy, Mechancal Engineering and Transport)
S. Yu. Petrovich, Head of Laboratory of Aluminium Powders Metallurgy (Institute of Metallurgy, Mechancal Engineering and Transport)
V. A. Lipin, Professor of a Chair “Physical chemistry, micro- and nanotechnologies” (Institute of Metallurgy, Mechancal Engineering and Transport), e-mail: vadim.lipin@km.ru
V. D. Andreeva, Assistant Professor of a Chair “Technology and investigation of materials” (Institute of Metallurgy, Mechancal Engineering and Transport)

We investigated the effect of carbon-based additives on structure and properties of mechanically alloyed aluminum alloys Al – Si – Ni, designed for precision instrumentation. The experiments used the carbon-based additives obtained by different technologies and differing from the values of specific surface area and particle size: electrode graphite, recovered graphite oxide, activated recovered graphite oxide, thermally expanded graphite. As a result of comparative diffractogram analysis there was made a definition that the quality of phase composition of samples after mechanical alloying doesn’t change. However the quantity of amorphous part decreases, and alumina and silicium are the main phases in all samples. Attendance of Al-based solid solution was observed and its number in powder with activated reduced graphite oxide after treatment attains 2% while in other samples this number doesn’t exceed 0.5%. Initial compositions of powders contain up to 2% of graphite intercalation products and its number decreases because of mechanical alloying process. After mechanical alloying, graphite quantity in samples with activated reduced graphite oxide increases from 0.5 to 1%. Oxides attend up to 1.0–1.5%, preferred it is metastable γ-modification of Al₂O₃, and traces of alumina carbides Al₃С₄ and silicium carbides SiC. These materials were compacted in vacuum, while values of obtained temperature coefficient of linear expansion were measured. The use of carbon-based nanosized additives produces material with a low temperature coefficient of linear expansion and high strength characteristics compared to traditional surfactants (stearic acid, mineral oil). The values of linear thermal expansion coefficients in the temperature range of 20–120 ^oC with the help of nanosized carbon can be reduced to below 11·10^–6 K^–1.

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