Institute of Integrated Mineral Development — IPKON, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia:

S. D. Viktorov, Deputy Director of Scientific Work, Doctor of Engineering Sciences
V. N. Zakharov, Director, Corresponding Member of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Professor, Doctor of Engineering Sciences
V. M. Zakalinsky, Leading Researcher, Doctor of Engineering Sciences, vmzakal@mail.ru

Hybrid open-pit/underground mineral mining faces a critical problem connected with negative impact produced by large-scale blasting in open pit mines on the stability of underground excavations beneath the pit bottom. In order to mitigate this impact, the scale of blasts is decreased at the same increase in the blasting frequency, which has a negative impact on operation of heavy duty open-pit mining machines. The article proposes a modeled and experimentally justified method to reduce seismic effect of a blast on underlying rock mass by creating a barrier in the form of a pre-broken rock mass (a rock cushion) on the way of a blast wave. The barrier is generated by advanced short-delayed blasting of a small portion at the bottom of distributed pattern of blasthole charges. The damping effect of a large-scale blast through the rock cushion is proved by the commercial trails of the proposed technology in Zarechny Open-Pit Coal Mine, SUEK-Kuzbass (Kiselevsk, Kemerovo Region). The analyzes of seismic records obtained in the lower lying excavations of Taldinskaya-Zapadnaya Mine-2 show that the amplitude of the seismic signals in the range between 30 and 200 Hz decreases not less than by 30 % as compared with the check standard-technology blasting. The next-series large-scale tests demonstrate a decrease in the seismic impact on the underground excavations not less than by 68 % at the reduced seismic impact on the surface not less than by 46 %.

The study has been supported by the Ministry of Education and Science of the Russian Federation in the framework of the Federal Targeted Program on R&D in Priority Areas of Advancement in the Science and Technology of Russia for 2014–2020.

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