Institute of Mining, Ural Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, Ekaterinburg, Russia:

S. V. Usanov, Head of a laboratory, Candidate of Engineering Sciences, usv@igduran.ru
A. V. Usanova, Research Engineer, Laboratory of Technologies for Disaster Risk Reduction in Subsoil Use

The subject of the research are the deformation processes induced underground and on the surface by mine flooding, as well as their effects on utilities, buildings and structures within the deformation influence zone. The aim of the research is to understand the behavior and the rates of decay of strata movement above a flooded mine. The other objectives include design of a geoinformation system to prevent hazards due to probable strata movement above a mine field and generation of a basis for subsequent integration of disturbed lands in economic activity. The research includes a few stages. (1) Deployment of an observation station divided into zones of differentscale deformation events so that to cover the entire influence zone of a cone of depression and strata movement and to extend beyond it. (2) Monitoring of strata movement using global navigation satellite systems. (3) Visual observations over the area of the strata movement. (4) Interpretation of obtained data and comparison of the data with the satellite images and earlier observations. According to the research results, raising of the surface above a flooded mine is caused by expansion and ejection of rocks soaked up with water. Owing to this, it will take much time until decay of the deformation, when the cone of depression disappears and hydrological regime is stabilized. Raising of the surface above a mine stably grows within the 5-years course of the mine flooding. Having passed to the stage of cyclic events due to destruction of intercalations and non-productive pillars, geomechanical processes on the ground surface will last for decades but in localized isolated areas of 100–900 m². The final cease of sinks and subsidence also will be characterized by a mosaic pattern spread over the entire area of a deposit.
The authors are grateful to the fellows of the Strata Movement Laboratory at the Institute of Mining, UB RAS, for the assistance in the full-scale experimentation and express thanks to Sashurin A. D., Head of the Geomechanics Department, for the discussions of the research results.
The studies have been carried out in the framework of Fundamental Research Program 132, Project No. 0405-2015-0010.

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