Санкт-Петербургский горный университет, Санкт-Петербург, Россия:

С. Н. Рудник, доцент кафедры истории, канд. ист. наук, эл. почта: rudnik7@yandex.ru
Е. А. Самыловская, доцент кафедры истории, канд. ист. наук, эл. почта: katerina-samylovskaya88@yandex.ru

Статья посвящена истории развития российской металлургии при Петре I. На основе анализа и систематизации дореволюционной, советской и современной отечественной и зарубежной историографии рассмотрены основные этапы развития отрасли в России в XVII в. — первой четверти XVIII в. Авторами статьи были выделены и рассмотрены основные направления петровской модернизации металлургии: развитие старых (традиционных) металлургических районов (Центрального и Олонецкого), создание и интенсивное развитие нового Уральского металлургического района, развитие государственно-частного партнерства, создание системы государственного управления и контроля за развитием металлургии, политика импортозамещения и переход к экспорту железа, привлечение иностранных специалистов, подготовка отечественных квалифицированных специалистов-металлургов и расширение базы людских ресурсов для отрасли. В результате проведенного исследования авторы пришли к выводу, что катализатором форсированного развития отрасли являлась Северная война. Реформы Петра I базировались на опыте предшествующего периода развития страны, однако имели качественно иной характер: Россия не просто начала форсированную модернизацию, стремясь ликвидировать свое отставание от стран Запада, но и смогла решить эту задачу, став одним из ведущих европейских государств, влиятельнейшим актором мировой политики. Петр I вовремя осознал значение развития металлургии как фактора, способствующего модернизации русской армии и строительству сильного государства. Расцвет металлургического производства, начавшийся в период петровских реформ, способствовал не только успеху военной реформы, но и победе России в Северной войне, превращению нашей страны в ведущее европейское государство.

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