National Research Tomsk Polytechnic University (Tomsk, Russia)

G. Yu. Boyarko, Dr. Eng., Prof., gub@tpu.ru

From 1860 to 1910, the Russian ferrous metallurgy overcame the crisis of lagging behind other industrialized countries, providing its products to national needs and significantly reducing the level of imports of ferrous metals, which had become uncritical. The volumes of iron ore extraction have increased many times (by 14 times) and cast iron smelting (by 9 times). New ferrous metallurgy centers have been established in the new Southern and Southeastern mining and metallurgical regions. The share of the use of marsh-lake iron ores as raw materials has decreased due to an increase in the production of iron ores from the skarn formation, as well as marine and continental sedimentary iron ore formations. There has been a decrease in the use of charcoal as a metallurgical fuel with the transition exclusively to hard coal. The production of hard coal coke has increased many times (production in 1906/1888, 19 times). The production of commercial soft iron increased by 1.9 times by 1899, but since 1900, an irreversible decline in its output began.

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