National Research Irkutsk State Technical University, Irkutsk, Russia

V. A. Domracheva, Professor, Chair of Mineral Resources Concentration and Engineering Ecology, e-mail: domra@istu.edu
G. Shiyrav, Post-graduate Student, Chair of Mineral Resources Concentration and Engineering Ecology

Today observed significant pollution of the environment especially in the hydrosphere especially hydrosphere by various contaminant. Toxic to water and therefore heavy metals for human, such as copper (II), zinc (II), nickel (II), molybdenum (VI), etc. To clean wastewater from heavy metals using different methods. Particular effective — sorption methods that reduce content metal ions of water to sanitary and hygienic norms. In this case not happen pollution water for agents. Should note that, along with cleaning wastewater can extract valuable components. Authors make use in quality sorbents carbon sorbents from brown coal. The value of data of sorbents — availability developed porous structure and various functional groups on surface sorbents (making them amphoteric) greatly increase the sorption capacity of carbon sorbents. The results of studies on adsorption process of metal ions Cu²⁺, Fe²⁺, Fe³⁺ and Mo⁶⁺ in static conditions by carbon sorbents derived from Baganuur brown coal of Mongolia. The optimal range values pH for the studied of metals make up pH = 5–8,5 (weakly acidic — alkalescent), time of sorption 2 h. Were obtained sorption isotherm of metal ions. The concentration of metal ions in the initial solutions was 0.1–0.3 mmol/l (10–15 mg/l). The maximum sorption capacity activated carbon AББ in relation to metal ions, mmol/g: 0.26 Cu (II); 0.2 Fe (II); 0.16 Fe (III); 0.07 Mo (VI). Experimental results on the determination of adsorption isotherms are processed using the Langmuir and Freindlikh equations. For Langmuir adsorption constants metal ions arranged in the following sorption activity: [Fe(OH)₂]⁺ > [Cu(OH)₃]^– > [Fe(OH)₃]^– > [MoO₂(H₂O)₄]²⁺. Studied effect of temperature (20, 40, 60 ^оС) on the capacity and speed sorption of metals. With increasing temperature, the capacity sorbents decreases from 0.32 to 0.29, in this case sorption rate increases. Determined the thermodynamic parameters sorption of metal ions (differential isosteric heat of sorption, the rate constant of adsorption, activation energy), value which indicate the predominance physical sorption. Thus, conducted study shown the effectiveness use of sorbents based on brown coal of Mongolia to extract heavy metals.

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