Irkutsk State Technical University (Irkutsk, Russia):

Medvedeva S. A., Professor, Doctor of Chemical Sciences, e-mail: genesis@istu.edu

Volchatova I. V., Assistant Professor, Candidate of Biological Sciences

This article presents the brief analysis of a status of lands in Irkutsk Oblast, which were disturbed by mining developments. The lignin-carbohydrate wastes are characterized as the potential sources of a fertile reclamation layer. There is presented a new technology of obtaining of organo-mineral compost from lignin tailings. Lignin tailings are the large tonnage wastes of pulp and paper enterprises. There were discussed the advantages and disadvantages of lignin tailings as a substrate for the compost production. The association of microorganisms, which consists of representatives of various taxonomic groups, was developed for the implementation of the process of composting. This association of microorganisms can process the lignin tailings to a high quality non-toxic fertilizer for a short time (3 months). The content of phenolic compounds has been decreased, and the content of lignohumic substances has been essentially increased for three months of incubation in the compost. The lack of phytotoxicity of compost was proved by method of biological control. The steps of the proposed technological scheme are described. There are given the quantitative parameters of the components, which were involved in the composting process. The technology can decide two grand environmental problems: removement of wastes (lignin tailings) and obtaining of fertilizer for creation of a fertile layer of soil for the purpose of reclamation of anthropogenically disturbed lands for the forestry. This technology also takes into account the economic reasonability of usage of natural organic matter.

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