South Russian State Technical University (Novocherkassk, Russia):

Golik V. I., Professor, Doctor of Engineering Sciences, e-mail: v.i.golik@mail.ru

One of the present global problems is the protection of mineral resources with increasing influence of mining on natural environment. As a result of badly controlled processes of extraction of mineral metallic raw materials, the anthropogenic deposits are formed in the subsoils and on the Earth surface. Traditional exploitation of these deposits is impossible, and their reserves make a disastrous effect on environment. This article formed the direction of environmental protection by the minimization of amount of extracted mineral resources with the forecasting of the level of Earth surface deformations, according to the value of deposits, which are developed in the stress massif.
On the basis of carried out complex researches, there were established the following ways of application of extraction, concentration and leaching wastes of metallic ores:
-application during the control of massif with voids backfilling by hardening mixtures, manufactured from the products of processing of concentration tailings;
-application with usage of massifs from the tailings of underground leaching of metals, which obtain the strength to 1.0 mPa under the influence of chemical processes.
There were formulated the combination principles of methods of massif state control by the integral criteria “safety of surface”, as the guarantee of separation of mining operations area and living substance habitation area. According to the modeling, there was substantiated that in comparison with the method without voids filling, the voids filing with even low-strength mixtures decreases the stresses in ore hosting massif by 1.3-1.7 times. Earlier, author of this article introduced the geomechanic danger coefficient, which is used for the estimation of efficiency of control of state of massif and earth surface.
The article recommends the technological approaches of massif control during the development of deposits by the combined technologies within the unified project. There is also recommended the methodology of definition of durability of artificial massifs, constructed in the voids.

1. Golik V. I. Razrabotka mestorozhdeniy poleznykh iskopaemykh (Development of deposits of minerals). Vladikavkaz : MAVR, 2006, 976 p.
2. Golik V. I., Komashchenko V. I. Prirodookhrannye tekhnologii upravleniya sostoyaniem massiva na geomekhanicheskoy osnove (Environmental protection technologies of control of the massif state on the geomechanical basis). Moscow : Knizhnyy dom “Universitet”, 2010, 556 p.
3. Ismailov T. T., Golik V. I., Dolnikov E. B. Spetsialnye sposoby razrabotki mestorozhdeniy poleznykh iskopaemykh (Special methods of development of deposits of mineral resources). Moscow : Moscow State Mining University, 2006, 350 p.
4. Lyashenko V. I., Golik V. I., Kozyrev E. N. Gornyi Zhurnal – Mining Journal, 2008, No. 12, pp. 37-40.
5. Golik V. I., Razorenov Yu. I. Proektirovanie gornykh predpriyatiy : uchebnoe posobie dlya vuzov (Projecting of mining enterprises : tutorial for universities). Novocherkassk : South Russian State Technical University, 2007, 289 p.