Kaluga Branch of N. E. Bauman Moscow State Technical University, Kaluga, Russia:
I. V. Fedoseev, Professor of a Chair of Chemistry, e-mail: fn6-kf@bmstu-kaluga.ru

National Mineral Resources University, Saint Petersburg, Russia:
M. Sh. Barkan, Assistant Professor, Chair of Geoecology

Concentrates of platinum metals PC-1 (ПК-1) (Σ(Pd, Pt)) and PC-2 (ПК-2) (Σ(Rh, Ru, Ir)) are one of the basic types of products of the shop No. 1 of the Copper Plant of “Norilsk Nickel” JSC. However, their obtaining technology (which exists more than 50 years) does not correspond to modern technicaleconomic parameters. This causes both insufficient selectivity of concentrates for platinum and non-ferrous metals, and their manufacturing process (more than a month), which is connected with large amount of technological operations. There was offered a range of alternative technologies, which required more capital costs for construction and change of equipment. There was offered a technology, which makes possible to do a modernization of operating production on the basis of saving of main operation — roasting of copper-nickel anode slimes. There was offered the replacement of mode of oxidation-sulphate roasting on mixture of air and sulphuric gas, sulphatizing in atmosphere. During leaching of obtained cinder by water, 98–99% of copper and nickel and 95% of silver are transported into the solution. Residue cake is the bulk concentrate of platinum metals with their content of >50%. There was offered the technology of processing of obtained bulk concentrate on selective PC-1 and PC-2 by hydrochlorination of cake and processing of obtained solution by power gas at the temperature of 20–60 ^oC and atmospheric pressure during 3–4 hours. High-selective PC-1 with 96–98% of Σ(Pd, Pt) is isolated into the residue with practically full absence of rare platinum metals and content of Σ(Ni, Cu, Fe) <0.2%. Residue is isolated from filtrate from isolation of PC-1 by sodium thiosulphate activity. This residue is processed on the concentrate PC-2 with 35–40% of Σ(Rh, Ru, Ir), 10–20% of Σ(Pd, Pt), 40–45% of Ag and 5–10% of Σ(Ni, Cu).

1. Nikitin M. V. Veshchestvennyy sostav nikelevykh anodnykh shlamov kak osnova dlya vybora optimalnoy skhemy ikh pererabotki : avtoreferat dissertatsii ... kandidata tekhnicheskikh nauk (Substantial composition of nickel anode slimes as a basis for the choice of optimal scheme of their processing : thesis of inauguration of Dissertation … of Candidate of Engineering Sciences). Leningrad, 1969. 18 p.
2. Nikitin M. V. Izvestiya vuzov. Tsvetnaya metallurgiya — Russian journal of non-ferrous metals. 1971. No. 5. pp. 87–89.
3. Borbat V. F. Analiz i tekhnologiya blagorodnykh metallov (Analysis and technology of noble metals). Novosibirsk, 1971. pp. 381–384.
4. Derevtsov V. I., Volkov V. I., Yashkin E. I. Certificate of Authority USSR, No. 972862. Published : 1981.
5. Yashkin E. I. Izuchenie povedeniya i raspredeleniya platinovykh metallov i selena pri avtoklavnoy pererabotke nekotorykh promproduktov Norilskogo gorno-metallurgicheskogo kombinata i razrabotka tekhnologicheskikh protsessov ikh obogashcheniya : dissertatsiya … kandidata tekhnicheskikh nauk (Research of behavior and distribution of platinum metals and selenium during autoclave processing of some middlings of Norilsk MMC and development of technological processes of their concentration : Candidate of Engineering Sciences). Moscow, 1981. 144 p.
6. Greyver T. N., Volkov L. V., Shneerson Ya. M., Goncharov P. A. Sposob polucheniya selektivnykh kontsentratov blagorodnykh metallov (Method of obtaining of selective concentrates of noble metals). Patent RF, No. 2215801. Published : November 10, 2003.
7. Filippov Yu. A., Anisimova N. N., Kotukhova G. P. et al. Tsvetnye Metally — Non-ferrous metals. 2000. No. 6. pp. 61–63.
8. Ter-Oganesyan A. K., Anisimova N. N., Shestakova G. V. et al. Tsvetnye Metally — Non-ferrous metals. 2005. No. 10. pp. 69–72.
9. Fedoseev I. V. Teoreticheskie osnovy i tekhnologicheskie printsipy gidrokarbonilnykh protsessov v metallurgii platinovykh metallov i medi : dissertatsiya ... doktora tekhnicheskikh nauk (Theoretical basis and technological principles of hydrocarbonyl processes in metallurgy of platinum metals and copper : Dissertation … of Doctor of Engineering Sciences). Novosibirsk, 1989. 347 p.
10. Fedoseyev I. V. Hydrocarbonylation in platinum metals metallurgy. Platinum metals Review. 1996. Vol. 40, No. 3. pp. 118–125.
11. Fedoseev I. V. Gidrokarboksilnye protsessy v tekhnologii platinovykh metallov (Hydrocarboxyl processes in platinum metals' technology). Moscow : “Ore and Metals” Publishing House, 2011. 127 p.