Ural Federal University (Ekaterinburg, Russia):

V. A. Nikulin, Ass. Prof., Chair of Equipment and Devices of Chemical Production
S. V. Mordanov, Sr. Lecturer, Chair of Equipment and Devices of Chemical Production
S. N. Syromyatnikov, Ass. Prof., Chair of Equipment and Devices of Chemical Production
V. I. Matyukhin, Ass. Prof., Chair of Thermophysics and Informatics in Metallurgy, e-mail: matyhin53@mail.ru
O. V. Matyukhin, Ass. Prof., Chair of Thermophysics and Informatics in Metallurgy

The data from physical simulation in the horizontal converter on the base of finite element method were used in the study of hydrodynamic processes in this converter for solving the problems of fluid flow. The Eulerian model allowing to increase stability of solution for complex volumetric phase distribution and endless mutual dissolving were applied for description of twophase medium in liquid purging. Using the Navier - Stokes equation, the turbulence models were created for individual unknown variables, based on dual-parameter equations; these models allow to determine turbulent velocity and length scale of turbulent fluctuations. Considering the equation changes of kinetic energy and dissipation rate of phases mass, the authors established regularities of forming of eddy viscosity of flows, taking into account complexity of their volumetric distribution. Check of adequacy of the model in comparison with the real processes was carried out on the base of experimental data of physical simulation of hydrodynamics of bath purging in the horizontal converter. The established regularities of forming of density fields for water-air mixture in the unit volume, as well as water and air velocity showed that the most intense movement of air masses in the bubbled bath at preset calculating conditions occurs near the wall of the vessel, in the area directly above entry jet sections. At the same time, the surface area of converter wall, located above the level of entry air nozzles by 50–80 mm, was subjected to a maximal jet effect. To reduce the effect of turbulence area on the real converter, it was proposed to use a local compressed air sinking of a part of its shell along whole length to form the slag skull on the inner lining surface. The developed mathematical model can be upgraded in the future with accounting of heat transfer and mass transfer appearances, occurring in production facilities.

1. Pozrikidis C. Fluid Dynamics: Theory, Computation and Numerical Simulation. New York : NY : Springer, 2009.
2. Kolev N. I. Multiphase Flow Dynamics 1: Fundamentals. Berlin : Springer, 2005.
3. Marshall E. M., Bakker A. Computational Fluid Mixing. Lebanon, New Hampshire : John Wiley and Sons, 2003.
4. Guan H. Y., Tu J. Computational Techniques for Multi-Phase Flows. Oxford : Butterworth-Heinemann, 2010.
5. Ansorge R. Mathematical Models of Fluid dynamics: Modelling, Theory, Basic Numerical Facts — An Introduction. Wienheim : WILEY-VCH, 2003.
6. J. O. Hinze. Turbulentnost, ee mekhanizm i teoriya (Turbulence, an introduction to its mechanism and theory). Translated from English by O. V. Yakolevskiy. Under the editorship of G. N. Abramovich. Moscow : Fizmatgiz, 1963.
7. Wilcox D. C. Turbulence Modeling for CFD. San Diego, California : DCW Industries, 2006.
8. Launder B. C., Spalding D. B. Lectures in Mathematical in Models of Turbulence. London : Academic Press, 1972.
9. Cebeci T. Turbulence Models and Their Applications. Long Beach, California : Horizons Publishing, 2004.