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RARE METALS, SEMICONDUCTORS
ArticleName Selective extraction of zirconium and hafnium from concentrated solutions by tributylphosphate
DOI 10.17580/tsm.2016.01.07
ArticleAuthor Valkov A. V.
ArticleAuthorData

National Research Nuclear University “MEPhI” (Moscow Engineering Physics Institute), Moscow, Russia:

A. V. Valkov, Professor of General Chemistry Chair, e-mail: ale11534@yandex.ru

Abstract

There was carried out the modelling of counter-current extraction of zirconium by ninety-percent tributylphosphate of (from) the solution which contains 120 g/dm3 of ZrO2, 12.6 g/dm3 of HfO2 and 4.1 mole/dm3 of HNO3. The countercurrent mode was carried out with introduction of HNO3 into the centre of cascade in a quantity equivalent to a quantity of zirconium extracted to organic phase. Total content of zirconium in organic phase amount to 80–90 g/dm3 and their segregation coefficients vary in a 5–7 limit. Modelling was carried out at 6 stages of counter-current washing of organic phase saturated by zirconium and hafnium with solution containing 3.0 mole/dm3 of HNO3 with phases proportionate as O:W = 7:1. The received zirconium extract contains <0.01% (mass.) of hafnium. Possibility of HNO3 recirculation in cells of a counter-current cascade is examined. It is shown that at the washing stage it is possible to use the HNO3 solution with concentration of 0.1–0.5 mole/dm3 instead of 3–4 mole/dm3. The proposed process was tested on centrifugal extractors. It was shown that the system output in such a case comes to 75–100% of nominal (test) productiveness of the extractors. The zirconium and hafnium separation schematic technology diagram with extraction, washing and re-extraction stages was offered. At the first stage zirconium is extracted by tributylphosphate solution. The received organic phase is washed by solution containing 0.1–0.5 mole/dm3 of HNO3 with phases proportionate as O:W = 7:1. It is found that being extracted from concentrated solutions, each kilo of zirconium requires 2.4 times less inserted HNO3 per cascade.

keywords Extraction, zirconium, hafnium, nitric acid, concentrated solution, counter-current extraction, tributylphosphate
References

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