Manas Kyrgyz–Turkish University, Bishkek, Kyrgyzstan:

K. A. Kojobaev, Professor, Doctor of Engineering Sciences, kanatbek.kojobaev@manas.edu.kg

Institute of Geomechanics and Subsoil Development, National Academy of Sciences of the Kyrgyz Republic, Bishkek, Kyrgyzstan:
K. T. Tazhibaev, Head of Laboratory, Doctor of Engineering Sciences
D. K. Tazhibaev, Head of Laboratory, Candidate of Engineering Sciences
K. O. Duisheev, Researcher

Recommendations on complex and rational development of Kavak brown coal basin are given in the article. The main directions for processing of brown coal of Kavak basin with using effective existing technologies such as underground coal gasification, coal-water fuel production, low temperature pyrolysis. These technologies allow such commercial products from coal as coal-water fuel, energy gas and synthesis gas, and synthetic liquid fuels for reducing the energy dependence of the Republic on gas and oil fuels. It is noted that coal mining has induced certain ecological problems in the form of severe pollution of surface and partially ground water. The scope of the analysis encompasses the environmental impact of potential construction of a thermal power plant to run on Kavak coal at a capacity of 1200 MW and annual coal consumption of 3 Mt, and with sharp increase in coal production to more than 4 Mt per year. The calculation results show that the to-be thermal power plant using conventional technologies annually emit at least 5680 thou t of CO₂, 11850 thou t of NO_x, 227960 t of SO₂, 563 t of heavy metals and more than 10 tons of radioactive elements and ashes. The resultant dumps will total hundreds of millions of tons and will also be a strong source of environmental pollution. The draw conclusion is that such an ecological load can lead to social tensions in the region and encourages to use more expensive, but more ecofriendly advanced technologies.

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