YakutPNIIS, Yakutsk, Russia:

O. I. Matveeva, General Director, Candidate of Engineering Sciences

Ammosov North-Eastern Federal University, Yakutsk, Russia:
G. D. Fedorova, Associate Professor, Candidate of Engineering Sciences, fedorovagd@mail.ru

Yakutniproalmaz Institute, ALROSA, Mirny, Russia:
I. V. Zyryanov, Deputy Director of Scientific Work, Doctor of Engineering Sciences
D. V. Lobanov, Head of Laboratory

The authors describe features of mine shaft construction and operation in Udachny Mine. It is found that the mine shaft lining concrete and the reinforced concrete of couplings will operate under aggressive attack of high-head groundwater and heavy impregnation. Salinity of groundwater reaches 400 g/l. Chemical composition of underground brines shows prevalence of chloride-magnesium salinization. Magnesium salt content in terms of ion Mg²⁺ in the brines varies from 4500 to 14250 mg/l. It is assumed that the brine is strongly aggressive relative to concrete with the water repellence grade W8 made of Portland cement and sulfate-resistant Portland cement. It is required to develop a special-type concrete with the pre-set performance В30W16. A probable mechanism of concrete corrosion under impact of underground brines and the effect of hydrostatic pressure on corrosion of concrete in mine shafts are studied. It is concluded that diffusion mechanism of corrosion of mine shaft lining is possible with the use of dense concrete (not lower than W16). The corrosion stability test procedure and results are presented for special-type concrete tested under hydrostatic head of 1.6 and 2.5 MPa. It is shown that the special-type concrete grade B30W17 with the placeability rank P5 can ensure stability of lining in mine shafts for their entire life, although there is a chance for diff usion transfer of aggressive liquid flows across the shafts and insufficient density of concrete joints of adjacent concreted couplings. Based on the research, recommendations are elaborated for corrosion proof of concrete in the shafts of Udachny Mine. Of the highest concern are the efforts toward ensuring the pre-set properties of concrete and additional waterproofing of concreting joints. The tested mix of the special-type concrete has been used in shafting in Udachny Mine.

1. Moskvin V. M., Ivanov F. M., Alekseev S. N. et al. Corrosion of concrete and reinforced concrete. Methods of their protection. Moscow : Stroyizdat, 1980. 536 p.
2. Kind V. V. Corrosion of cements and concretes in hydrotechnical facilities. Moscow – Leningrad : Gosenergoizdat, 1955. 320 p.
3. Matveeva O. I., Fedorova G. D., Vinokurov A. T., Kramskov N. P. The modifi ed concrete for underground construction. Stroitelnye materialy. 2006. No. 10. pp. 18–19.
4. Rozental N. K., Tyagunova O. A. Corrosion of concrete in magnesia environment. Caucasus-92 : materials of the 25-th international concrete and reinforced concrete conference, April 19–26, 1992. Moscow : Scientific-technical bureau «BETEKOM», 1999. pp. 160–161.
5. Mokhtar M. A., Swarmy R. N. Influence of Salt Weathering on the Properties of Concrete. Arabian Journal for Science and Engineering. 2008. Vol. 33, No. 1b. p. 501.
6. Al-Amoudi, O. S. B. Attack on Plain and Blended Cements Exposed to Aggressive Sulfate Environments. Cement & Concrete Composites. Sulfate Attack and Thaumasite Formation. 2002. Vol. 24, No. 3-4. pp. 305–316.
7. Tang S. W., Yao Y., Andrade C. Recent durability studies on concrete structure. Cement and Concrete Research. 2015. Vol. 78. pp. 143–154.
8. Farnama Y., Dickb S., Wiesea A., Davisc J. , Bentzd D., Weisse J. The influence of calcium chloride deicing salt on phase changes and damage development in cementitious materials. Cement and Concrete. 2015. Vol. 64. pp. 1–15.
9. Cullu M., Arslan M. The effects of chemical attacks on physical and mechanical properties of concrete produced under cold weather conditions. Construction and Building Materials. 2014. Vol. 57. pp. 53–66.
10. Elouzo S. N. Mathematical modeling and simulation to predict the deformation rate from magnesium in concrete pavements. International Journal of Materials, Methods and Technologies. 2013. Vol. 1, No. 11. pp. 196–206.
11. Rozental N. K. Principles of early corrosion damage of the constructions. Problems of longevity of buildings and constructions in modern construction : collection of reports of international conference. Saint Petersburg : «Roza mira», 2007. pp. 105–109.
12. Anvarov B. R., Latypova T. V., Latypov V. M., Kramar L. Ya. To the question about the mechanism of damage
of reinforced concrete with corrosion of the first kind. Izvestiya vuzov. Stroitelstvo. 2015. No. 2(674). pp. 12–26.
13. Alekseev S. N., Ivanov F. M. et al. Reinforced concrete longevity in aggressive environment Moscow : Stroyizdat, 1990. 320 p.
14. Rozental N. K., Usachev I. N., Galashov A. V. Longevity of reinforced concrete constructions of Kislaya Guba Tidal Power Station in Arctic. Tekhnologii betonov. 2014. No. 1. pp. 22–26.
15. Rozental N. K. Corrosion and protection of concrete and reinforced concrete constructions of waste water purifi cation constructions. Beton i zhelezobeton. Oborudovanie, materialy, tekhnologiya. 2011. No. 1. pp. 96–103.