Ammosov North-Eastern Federal University, Yakutsk, Russia:

A. P. Pesterev, Associate Professor, Candidate of Biological Sciences, Pesterev.a@mail.ru

Development of the northern diamondiferous territories entails adverse impact on the environment. At the same time, the components of the northern taiga ecosystems and their response to the industrial impact are yet insufficiently studied. In this article, the types of damage and pollution during open pit mining of diamond placers in basins of small rivers are considered. The climatic characteristics of the region are assessed, and the interrelation of the forest vegetation cover with permafrost is highlighted. The consequences of the industrial infl uence on the soil and land resources are investigated. The impact of a mine on the environment is characterized per types of damage and its aftereffects. The consistent pattern of selective accumulation of heavy metals depending on typology of frozen soil is determined. Northern soil features promoting spreading of pollution and transition of pollutants from land ecosystems to aqueous ecosystems are defined. The research findings expand the knowledge on the mechanisms and regularities of man-made impact on permafrost ecosystems and display the demand for new effective and ecology-friendly mining technologies in the context of the environmental protection. The presented material will serve the basis for further monitoring research and will allow future reclamation activities in the Arctic regions taking into account their zonal features.

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