FGBOU VO “Nizhny Novgorod State Technical University named after R. E. Alekseev”, Nizhny Novgorod, Russia:
A. N. Grachev, Associate Professor of the Department of Metallurgical Technologies and Equipment
I. O. Leushin, Head of Department of Metallurgical Technologies and Equipment
O. S. Koshelev, Professor of Chair of Machine-Building Technological Complexes

NUST MISiS, Moscow, Russia:

V. B. Deev, Professor of Department of Foundry Technologies and Art Processing of Materials

The analysis of characteristics and properties of thermal production waste in the form of slurry of salt quenching baths is carried out. The preconditions for the use of slurry as a material for the production of active mesh filters with regard to aluminum melts are noted: 1) compliance with the degree of exposure to the human body of the 3rd hazard class in accordance with GOST 12.1.007–76 (substances with moderately hazardous substances); 2) the total content of up to 30% NaCl, KCl, MgCl₂; 3) content of up to 36% of BaCO₃; 4) the possibility of hardening the water-diluted slurry in the course of thermal drying without the use of binding materials; 5) low cost in comparison with the materials traditionally used for silumin treatment (fluorides, chlorides, carbonates), because sludge is a waste of production, and the costs arising from its use are caused by the need for preparatory operations. The preparation of slurry of salt quenching baths for obtaining an active glass mesh impregnation with respect to aluminum melts, as well as the process of making mesh filters are described. The results of a comparative evaluation of the mechanical properties of cast and thermally processed samples from an aluminum alloy AK5M2 using the obtained screen filters and without them, as well as the results of metallographic analysis are presented. The evaluation showed the effectiveness of the obtained filters in relation to: purification of the melt from nonmetallic inclusions; decrease of the porosity score from the 3rd to the 1st according to GOST 1583–93; increase in hardness of thermally untreated samples by 2.7–24.2%; decrease in hardness of thermally processed samples by 13.2–19.5%; increase in the temporary resistance to breaking of thermally processed samples by 8.3–9.3%; reduction of the time resistance to tearing the specimen without thermal treatment by 1.5%; increase in the time resistance to tearing the sample after heat treatment by 3.4–4.5%; reduction in the size of the α-Al dendrite on average from 35 to 24 μm; reduction in the size of the triple eutectic (Al + Si + β-FeSiAl₅) from 56 to 47 μm.

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