Nizhniy Novgorod State Technical University (Nizhniy Novgorod, Russia):

A. A. Khlybov, Dr. Eng., Prof., head of Dept. “Material science, technologies of materials and heat treatment of metals”, e-mail: hlybov_52@mail.ru
D. A. Ryabov, Engineer, Dept. “Material science, technologies of materials and heat treatment of metals”
T. V. Nuzhdina, Cand. Eng., Associate Prof., Dept. “Material science, technologies of materials and heat treatment of metals”

Ruspolimet (Kulebaki, Russia):
K. A. Minkov, Post-Graduate, Leading Engineer

In this paper, the problems of the formation of residual stresses in samples of steel 5CrNiMo after various heat treatment modes: quenching, tempering, normalization, annealing are considered. The magnitude of residual stresses (further RS) largely determines the service life of the product. Therefore, obtaining information about the magnitude of RS in real constructions (without its destruction) is an urgent task, since the information obtained allows us to understand the changes in their values and the nature of the distribution of such stresses. Ultimately, this allows to improve the performance characteristics of products. In the course of the work, the analysis of the cooling kinetics of the samples was carried out, metallographic studies were carried out, the hardness and the magnitude of the stresses resulting from thermal operations were evaluated. The relationship between the magnitude of residual stresses and the parameters of elastic waves is established. To determine the values of RS, x-ray and acoustic methods were used. A comparative analysis of the results of the measurement of RS by acoustic and X-ray methods showed that methods of controlling RS that are different in physical nature give practically identical values. It is shown that the elastic characteristics (E, G, ν) can be obtained in the process of acoustic measurements directly on the constructions, without fabrication and testing of special specimens for tension. X-ray diffraction analysis showed that the lattice parameter depends on the heat treatment conditions.

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