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NOBLE METALS AND ALLOYS
ArticleName Some features of the silver extraction from nitrate and chloride solutions by bis(2,4,4-trimethylpentyl)dithiophosphinic acid disulfide
DOI 10.17580/tsm.2019.07.04
ArticleAuthor Grigorieva N. A., Fleitlikh I. Yu., Pavlenko N. I.
ArticleAuthorData

Institute of Chemistry and Chemical Technology SB RAS, Federal Research Сenter “Krasnoyarsk Science Сenter” Siberian branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, Krasnoyarsk, Russia:

N. A. Grigorieva, Senior Researcher, e-mail: natasha@icct.ru
I. Yu. Fleitlikh, Leading Researcher
N. I. Pavlenko, Leading Researcher

Abstract

The data on the extraction of silver from nitric (nitrate) and hydrochloric acid solutions by a new highly efficient extractant: bis (2,4,4-trimethylpentyl) dithiophosphinic acid disulfide in toluene are given in this work. The stability of L in solutions of HNO3 was studied using IR spectroscopy. It is shown that the extractant is stable up to 3.0 mol/dm3 of HNO3. At concentrations ≥3.0 mol/dm3, a change in the spectra was observed associated with the appearance of sulfoxides and sulfones, which indicates a partial degradation of the extractant. An increase of nitric acid concentration leads to a decrease in the silver extraction due to the formation of a newly extracted complex [L·(AgNO3·HNO3)n] (where n = 1–4) in the organic phase which, along with the partial decomposition of the extractant, leads to a deterioration of silver extraction. An increase of hydrochloric acid concentration leads to a decrease in the silver extraction due to the formation of non-extracting anionic silver complexes in the aqueous phase (AgCl2, AgCl3 и AgCl4). The stability of L for five cycles of extraction — stripping in the extraction of silver from hydrochloric acid solutions using thiourea solution (0.75 mol/dm3) mixed with sulfuric acid (0.5 mol/dm3 H2SO4) as the re-extractant was made. The high stability of the extractant was shown — the distribution coefficients of silver did not change from cycle to cycle. Recommendations are given on the composition of aqueous solutions for effective silver extraction by disulfide while maintaining a high stability of the extractant.

keywords Solvent extraction, silver, mineral acids, bis(2,4,4-trimethylpentyl)-dithiophosphinic acid disulfide, stability of the extractant, stripping
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