Technological Institute of Superhard and Novel Carbon Materials, Troitsk, Russia:

K. S. Kravchuk, Researcher, Candidate of Physico-Mathematical Sciences
E. V. Gladkikh, Trainee Researcher, ekat.gladkih@yandex.ru
A. S. Useinov, Head of Department, Candidate of Physico-Mathematical Sciences

TENGRI LLC, Arkhangelsk, Russia:

A. Yu. Elenskiy, Chief Executive Officer

Natural garnet is a widespread abrasive raw material. Its wide application range is associated with a number of unique physical and mechanical properties. Garnet sand is actively used in sandblasting and water jet cutting. This work is aimed at comparing physical, mechanical and cutting properties of garnet sand produced in India (imported by R-Garnet) and mined on the coast of the White Sea (TENGRI LLC). The samples of garnet sand chosen for the study had Mesh 80 fraction, the grit size was 150–300 μm. A series of mechanical tests were carried out with the garnet sand. In some tests initial sand was divided into fractions with different color of grit. Nanoindentation tests were carried out to determine the hardness and modulus of elasticity. The static strength was determined in the compression tests. The bulk density, abrasiveness and cuttability were measured. The comparative tests of garnet sand were carried out on a water jet cutting machine. It was shown that the abrasive and cutting properties of the White Sea garnet sand and Indian sand coincide within the error limits. During water jet cutting the penetration rates in metal, as well as the speed and evenness of the cut are the same for both sands. The bulk density value has small differences for both groups of samples. Scanning electron microscope equipped with a spectrometer for energy-dispersive analysis was used for the elemental composition investigation of particles of different color. The particles of garnet sand (red-brown grains) of both deposits have hardness (13±2) GPa and static compressive strength (7.0±0.6) N. Garnet contains a small amount of black and green admixture (less than 10%). Most of the impurity particles correspond to ilmenite and pyroxene. The impurity has a 1.5 times less hardness, and the compressive strength if the impurity is 2 times less than garnet particles have.
The study was supported by the Russian Foundation for Basic Research, Project No. 18–08–00558.

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