College of Mining, NUST MISIS, Moscow, Russia:

S. V. Chmykhalova, Associate Professor, Candidate of Engineering Sciences, tchmy@mail.ru

The mining industry is a material base for the human society development in terms of supply with energy and mineral resources. Now, raw materials are provided in volume and range demandable for the economic advance in the world. Mining areas, as well as the lands with closed mines or with greatly scaled-down operations, require continuous prevention of excessive environmental degradation and persistent environmental improvement. This article reviews the high-priority measures towards environmental remediation and mitigation of detrimental effect on human health. As known by now, minerals have a complex chemical composition. All minerals contain one or a few base components, many associate minerals and some chemical impurities. Geochemical associations of chemical elements accumulate almost in all types of mineral deposits. In this context, it is highly necessary to extract these components at the stage of mineral dressing to protect the environment and human health from toxic substances. The rehabilitation of the damaged environment is connected with the damage and cost or pecuniary valuation. One of the main tools to prevent and eliminate environmental destruction in the European Union is ecological responsibility. The ecological responsibility means financial prosecution of wrongdoers for the environmental misconduct. Prevention and elimination of the environmental damage as far as possible, as well the after-effects should be implemented on a ‘pollutant pays’ basis, i.e., an owner (owners) of a business causing the natural damage or being a possible threat should bear financial responsibility.

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