Norilsk Nickel’s Polar Division, Norilsk, Russia:

V. P. Marysyuk, Chief Geotechnical Engineer – Director of Center for Geodynamic Safety, Candidate of Engineering Sciences, marysyukvp@nornik.ru
T. S. Mushtekenov, Deputy Director of Mineral Reserves and Resources

College of Mining, NUST MISIS, Moscow, Russia:
A. N. Pankratenko, Head of Chair, Professor, Doctor of Engineering Sciences

Thyssen Schachtbau GmbH, Mülheim an der Ruhr, Germany:
O. S. Kaledin, Head of Department of Russia and CIS Countries, Doctor of Engineering Sciences

Geomechanics of super-deep shaft SKS-1 sinking features high and asymmetrical horizontal stresses in rock mass, heavy extensile tectonic faulting and rockburst hazard. In such conditions, experimental stress–strain analysis of rock mass and lining system becomes of particular concern. In the framework of scientific supervision of SKS-1 shaft construction, NUST MISIS has developed and implemented the deep-level stress–strain monitoring program for the rock mass–lining system. The monitoring uses measurement stations composed of sets of sensors, communication tools and data gathering means mountable in process of the shaft sinking. The first year of experimental monitoring has found that strains in the shaft bottom zone remain within the allowable range while the temporary lining has taken the major load of strata pressure. The loading rate of the main lining in the test section of shaft SKS-1 is low. Straining is the most active in the first 5–6 days of concrete curing. Then, strains stabilize and show no essential changes for the mentioned time of observations. This is reflective of application efficiency of the shaft sinking flowchart enabling preliminary relaxation of rock mass from stresses in complicated geomechanical conditions. At the same time, gradual loading of the main line is expected to progress. It is advisable to upgrade SKS-1 shaft monitoring system in terms of automation and adding the equipment with a system of local and regional stress control and prediction in rock mass and excavations at the shaft bottom at depths greater than 1500 m. The day-to-day operation of the system comes within duties of the Center for Geodynamic Safety at Norilsk Nickel’s Polar Branch.

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