Peter the Great St. Petersburg Polytechnic University (St. Petersburg, Russia):

I. V. Butorina, Dr. Eng., Prof., e-mail: butorina_irina@mail.ru

Baltic State Technical University “Voenmekh” (St. Petersburg, Russia):

M. V. Butorina, Cand. Eng., Associate Prof.

The article systematizes the characteristics of emissions of toxic substances from the main processing in ferrous metallurgy: dust, organic and inorganic gas toxins. It is shown that methods for capturing emissions from metallurgical dust are still based on the use of inertial and electrostatic forces and a filtration method. The greatest cleaning effect is provided by cloth filters and electrostatic precipitators. Currently, there are filter materials for high-temperature gas purification (up to 1000˚C), and electrostatic precipitators that allow capturing highly dispersed particles. Improvement of wet apparatuses is moving towards the creation of high-pressure scrubbers and centrifugal apparatus that provide cooling and purification of gases from submicron dust and gaseous toxins. It is shown that at present there are various methods of gas purification from organic and inorganic toxins based on the phenomena of sorption, oxidation and reduction in the presence of catalysts and without them, as well as under electronic, light and radiation exposure. When choosing devices for cleaning metallurgical emissions, preference should be given to those in which the processes of capturing dust and toxic gases are combined.

1. Butorina I. V., Butorina М. V. Calculation of the carbon index of steel rolled products. Chernye Metally. 2021. No. 3. pp. 53–59.
2. IST 26-2017. Best Available Technology Information Technology Handbook. Production of pig iron, steel and ferroalloys. Moscow: Byuro NTD, 2017. 489 p.
3. Best Available Techniques Reference Document on the Production of Iron and Steel. European Commission, January 2013. p. 311.
4. Butorina I. V., Butorina М. V. Issues of implementing the best available technologies in the steel industry of the Russian Federation. Chernye Metally. 2019. No. 1. pp. 43–48.
5. IST 26-2016. Best Available Technology Information Technology Handbook. Purification of atmospheric discharge (pollutants) in manufacturing of products (goods), as well as performing works and providing services at large enterprises. Moscow: Byuro NTD, 2016. 211 p.
6. Shalunov А. V., Khmelev V. N., Tsiganok S. N. et. al. Application of high-intensity ultrasonic vibrations to improve the efficiency of gas cleaning systems. Proceedings of the II International conference “Dust and gas cleaning”. 2009. pp. 94–93.
7. Azarov V. N., Lukyanskov А. S., Startsev Yu. А. Operating experience of PV VZP inertial dust collectors. Vortex dust collector with counter swirling flows. Proceedings of the III International conference “Dust and gas cleaning”. 2010. pp. 67–72.
8. Chentsov А. V., Beloglazov V. P., Korsakov V. А. Methods for purification of waste gases based on gas-dynamic effects that were not previously used in production. Proceedings of the III International conference “Dust and gas cleaning”. 2010. pp. 62–66.
9. Chekalov L. V., Guzaev V. А., Pikulik N. V., Smagin К. А. Intensification of the dust collection process on a plate collecting electrode by means of a quasi-uniform electrostatic field. Proceedings of the VIII International conference “Dust and gas cleaning”. 2010. pp. 34–36.
10. Guzaev V. А., Troitskiy А. А., Shastin S. N. Revamp of electrostatic precipitators on the base of up-to-day technical solutions. Ekologicheskiy vestnik Rossii. 2012. No. 7. pp. 46–51.
11. Moshkina S. А., Vaskov S. А. State-of-the-art wet electrostatic precipitators. Pylegazoochistka. 2014. No. 7. pp. 5–8.
12. Burokova А. V., Rakhmanov Yu. А. On the issue of purification of high-temperature gases from metal products heat treatment furnaces. Nauchny zhurnal NUO ITMO. Seriya “Ekonomika i ekologicheskiy menedzhment”. 2014. No. 1. pp. 53–56.
13. Baev А. А. Filtering materials of BWF Envirotec Co. (Germany) for gas cleaning systems. Choosing the optimal filter material. Proceedings of the III International conference “Dust and gas cleaning”. 2010. pp. 91–93.
14. Egupova S. А., Gorchakova V. М. Water-repellent filter non-woven fabric for gas cleaning systems. Proceedings of the II International conference “Dust and gas cleaning”. 2009. pp. 81–82.
15. Margaf N. Universally applicable flat-arm filter systems for all industries of LUHR FILTER GmbH & Co. KG (Germany). Proceedings of the III International conference “Dust and gas cleaning”. 2010. pp. 68–71.
16. Chekalov V. V., Chekalov L. V. Modern developments and solutions for gas cleaning. Proceedings of the III International conference “Dust and gas cleaning”. 2010. pp. 47–50.
17. Zhivaev I. V. Operational experience of sectional filters with impulse regeneration, manufactured by NPP Sfera Ltd. in industry. Proceedings of the III International conference “Dust and gas cleaning”. 2010. pp. 40–43.
18. Myslivets D. К. Use of highly efficient gas cleaning equipment in metallurgical, cement and other industries in new construction and reconstruction. Proceedings of the I International conference “Dust and gas cleaning”. 2008. pp. 44–46.
19. Mantula V. D., Stalinskiy V. D., Shaporenko А. Yu. Revamp of gas cleaning system based on the “WHEELABRATOR” bag filter in order to increase the efficiency of dust collection of shaft furnace No. 2 and Ladle - Furnace No. 2 of the electric steel-making shop of the OJSC Severstal. Proceedings of the II International conference “Dust and gas cleaning”. 2009. pp. 51–53.
20. Krasnyi B. L., Tarasovskiy V. P., Krasnyi А. B. Fundamentally new opportunities for hightemperature dust removal from gases (CJSC STC Bakor, Russia). Proceedings of the II International conference “Dust and gas cleaning”. 2009. pp. 36–37.
21. Makarov А. А. Foam materials in air purification systems: filters, catalysts, installations. Proceedings of the III International conference “Dust and gas cleaning”. 2010. pp. 35–38.
22. Streltsov D. V. Revamp of outdated dust and gas cleaning equipment. Proceedings of the VIII International conference “Dust and gas cleaning”. 2018. pp. 8–12.
23. Moroz М. N., Fedorov V. V. Pilot industrial operation of wet flue gas cleaning units at a small boiler house. Proceedings of the III International conference “Dust and gas cleaning”. 2010. pp. 38–42.
24. Vaskov S. А. Up-to-day gas cleaning equipment. Highly efficient dust cleaning equipment. (JSC NIIOGAZ, Russia). Proceedings of the I International conference “Dust and gas cleaning”. 2008. pp. 12–16.
25. Ziling Е. А. An effective solution in the field of wet gas purification. Pylegazoochistka. 2017. No. 13. pp. 5–8.
26. New technology of wet gas purification - MultiVortex Hydrofilters “Vortex” (Vortex Ltd.). Pylegazoochistka. 2015. No. 9. pp. 18–20.
27. Spray Dryer Absorber. Available at: https://gea.com
28. Wet Flue Gas Desulfurization Technology Evaluation. Available at: https://pdfslide.net/documents
29. Loskutov А. N. Wet-type devices of the ShV series with a movable nozzle - guaranteed dust and gas purification. Pylegazoochistka. 2015. No. 9. pp. 21–52.
30. Aleksandrov М. V. Dry purification of flue gases with sodium bicarbonate (baking soda). Proceedings of the VI International conference “Dust and gas cleaning”. 2013. pp. 23–26.
31. Tsareva Е. I., Svitskov S. V. PureAir adsorption filters. Application area. Proceedings of the VII International conference “Dust and gas cleaning”. 2018. pp. 16–20.
32. Detkina V. V. Catalytic technologies in purification of gas emissions. Neutralization of nitrogen oxides at metallurgical plants. Pylegazoochistka. 2011. No. 2. pp. 5–7.
33. Bernat Sala. VOC destruction technology for industry (TECAM GROUP (Spain). Proceedings of the VI International conference “Dust and gas cleaning”. 2013. pp. 43–44.
34. Tarasenko А. V. Haldor Topsoe technologies - your way to meet environmental challenges. Proceedings of the VIII International conference “Dust and gas cleaning”. 2018. pp. 13–16.
35. Kalashnikov G. N. State and solutions to the problems of reducing of PAHs emissions, including benzo (a) pyrene, and highly toxic nitroPAHs into the atmosphere. Proceedings of the II International conference “Dust and gas cleaning”. 2009. pp. 72–75.
36. Ladygin К. V., Stompel S. I., Smirnov S. I. Gas cleaning based on catalytic oxidation. Innovation. Import substitution. Proceedings of the VIII International conference “Dust and gas cleaning”. 2018. pp. 73–75.
37. Petrunin К. О. Lines of the use of “Yatagan” gas converters and achieved indicators of air purification from pollutants and odors. Proceedings of the VIII International conference “Dust and gas cleaning”. 2018. pp. 21–26.
38. Grinevskoy А. А. Biofiltration: air purification technology. Proceedings of the VI International conference “Dust and gas cleaning”. 2016. pp. 14–16.