National University of Science and Technology MISiS, Moscow, Russia¹ ; Moscow Polytechnic University, Moscow, Russia²:

V. V. Doroshenko, Junior Researcher at the Laboratory for Catalysis and Hydrocarbons Processing¹, Associate Professor at the Project Implementation Section², Candidate of Technical Sciences, e-mail: v.doroshenko@mail.ru

Moscow Polytechnic University, Moscow, Russia.
A. A. Aksenov, Adviser to the Rector, Doctor of Technical Sciences, Professor

Tashkent State Transport University, Tashkent, Republic of Uzbekistan:
Yu. N. Mansurov, Professor at the Department of Carriages and Carriage Facilities, Doctor of Technical Sciences

This paper looks at the effect of iron impurities on the structure and phase composition of an experimental alloy Al – 6 % Mg – 2 % Ca – 2 % Zn. The microstructure of the studied as-cast alloys consists of an aluminium solid solution and a dispersion eutectic comprising phases of non-equilibrium origin. No primary phases of crystallization origin were found in the structure when the Fe concentration did not exceed 0.5 wt. %. Iron-bearing phases are included in the multiphase eutectic, and the presence of calcium in these phases is below the expected level, which suggests that the share of the ternary compound Al₁₀CaFe₂ in the content is really small. An increase in the Fe concentration to 1% contributes to the formation of fan-shaped crystals corresponding to the Al3Fe phase, which are, though, of small size (20 μm maximum). Because of its high solubility in the Al₄Ca phase, zinc weakens the aluminium solid solution while failing to prevent the formation of the strengthening Tphase (Al₂Mg₃Zn₃) present in the calculations. The concentration of magnesium in (Al) is lower than its concentration in the alloys. Cooling down of alloys together with the furnace helped determine how the rate of crystallization can influence the phase composition. Conglomerates of (AlZn)₃Mg₂ and (AlZn)₂(MgCa) phases were identified in all the alloys. The following peritectic reaction was observed in almost none of the alloys: L + Al₃Fe → (Al) + Al₁₀CaFe₂. As the result of this, Al₃Fe phase needles appeared in the structure. Fan-shaped iron-bearing crystals of mixed composition were only observed in the 0.25% Fe alloy.
This paper was written thanks to funding provided by the Russian Science Foundation under Grant No. 21-79-00134 (Thermp-Calc calculations, casting of ingots) and by the Moscow Polytechnic University under the Kapitsa grant implemented as part of the Prioritet 2030 programme (obtaining SEM images).

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