Chinakal Institute of Mining, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk, Russia

E. G. Kulikova, Researcher, Candidate of Engineering Sciences, shevchyk_78@mail.ru
M. A. Lantsevich, Senior Researcher, Associate Professor, Candidate of Engineering Sciences
A. V. Morozov, Researcher

In the conditions of the increasing depth in open-pit mining, a special attention is paid to the stability of pit wall slopes and to the safety of mining at pit bottoms. The measures aimed at reinforcement and stabilization of structural elements in open pits include systematic trimming of pit wall slopes using various equipment, including excavators and surface milling machines. Developed at the Chinakal Institute of Mining SB RAS, the inertial-impact method of rock destruction uses conversion of the kinetic energy of impact elements (hammers), hinged on the axes of the rotor, into the impact energy. In contrast to surface milling, after transfer of the kinetic energy to the destruction surface, the hammers rotate relative to the axis of their fastening and deviate from the position of free rotation. The level of vibration transmitted to the supporting elements of the hammer rotor is reduced as a consequence, and it becomes possible to use it as a replacement of implements of demolition excavators capable of slope trimming at a height of up to 40 m. Operation of two types of impact elements in destruction of samples having compression strengths of 3.6 MPa and 9.5 MPa is compared. The effect exerted by the hammer type, and by the angle and speed of impacts on the treated surface of the test material samples on the productivity of the process and on the amplitude of the vibration transmitted from the contact area to the supporting elements of the hammer rotor is determined.
The study was carried out within the R&D project, project state registration no. 121052600390-5.

1. Skufina T. P., Serova N. A. (Eds.). The North and the Arctic of Russia : Modern trends and prospects of development. Apatity : KNTs RAN, 2017. 171 p.
2. Agarkov S. A., Bogoyavlenskiy V. I., Kozmenko S. Yu. (Eds.). Global trends in development of energy resources of the Russian Arctic. Apatity : Izdatelstvo Kolskogo nauchnogo tsentra RAN, 2019. Vol. II. Monitoring of development of the Arctic energy resources. 177 p.
3. Gao F., Li C., Xiong X., Zhang Y., Zhou K. Dynamic behavior s of water-saturated and frozen sandstone subjected to freeze-thaw cycles. Journal of Rock Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering. 2023. Vol. 15, Iss. 6. pp. 1476–1490.
4. Guidelines on determination of slope angles for benches and pit walls composed of permafrost rocks. Leningrad : VNIMI, 1972. 106 p.
5. Cheban A. Yu. Kimberlite deposit completion technology using a cable hoisting system. Nauki o Zemle i nedropolzovanie. 2019. No. 42, No. 4. pp. 495–501.
6. Sakantsev G. G., Cheskidov V. I., Zyryanov I. V, Akishev A. N. Validation of Slopes of Access Roads in Deep Open Pit Mining. Journal of Mining Science. 2018. Vol. 54, Iss. 1. pp. 77–84.
7. Oggeri C., Fenoglio T. M., Godio A., Vinai R. Overburden manageme nt in open pits: options and limits in large limestone quarries. International Journal of Mining Science and Technology. 2019. Vol. 29, Iss. 2. pp. 217–228.
8. Melikhov M. V., Chashchinov G. V. Application of scaling technology to protect automotive transport from rock falls in open pit mines. Trudy Fersmanovskoy nauchnoy sessii GI KNTs RAN. 2017. No. 14. pp. 311–314.
9. Timofeeva Yu. V., Suksova L. A., Usoltseva L. A. Monitoring the stability of the quarry sides using MSR radars. Vestnik Evraziyskoy nauki. 2020. Vol. 12, No. 4. ID 68NZVN420.
10. Molchanov V. P., Akimov V. A., Sokolov Yu. I. Risks of emergencies in the Arctic zone of the Russian Federation. Moscow : VNII GOChS (FTs), 2011. 300 p.
11. Zhu Z., Fu T., Ning J., Li B. Mechanical behavior a nd constitutive model of frozen soil subjected to cyclic impact loading. International Journal of Impact Engineering. 2023. Vol. 177. ID 104531.
12. Jarman D., Harrison S. Rock slope failure in the British mountains. Geomorphology. 2019. Vol. 340. pp. 202–233.
13. Asr E. T., Kakaie R., Ataei M., Mohammadi M. R. T. A review of studies on sustainable development in mining life cycle. Journal of Cleaner Production. 2019. Vol. 229. pp. 213–231.
14. Ismail A., Rashid, A. S. A., Saa’ri R., Rasib A. W., Mustaffar M. et al. Application of combined terrestrial laser scanning and unmanned aerial vehicle digital photogrammetry method in high rock slope stability analysis: A case study. Measurement. 2022. Vol. 195. ID 111161.
15. Alejano L. R., Pons B., Bastante F. G., Alonso E., Stockhausen H. W. Slope geometry design a s a means for controlling rockfalls in quarries. International Journal of Rock Mechanics and Mining Sciences. 2007. Vol. 44, Iss. 6. pp. 903–921.
16. Kodama J., Nishiyama E., Kaneko K. Measurement and interpre tation of long-term deformation of a rock slope at the Ikura limestone quarry, Japan. International Journal of Rock Mechanics and Mining Sciences. 2009. Vol. 46, Iss. 1. pp. 148–158.
17. Zhirov D., Rybin V., Klimov S., Melikhova G., Zavyalov A. Integrated geotechnical zoning to justify targets and types of works in reinforcement/stabilization of pit wall slopes (Part I). Inzhenernaya zashchita. 2014. No. 2(2). pp. 22–31.
18. Melikhov M. V., Melikhov D. V. Experience of people protection carrying out engineering survey on pit benches. Problemy nedropolzovaniya. 2017. No. 1. pp. 175–181.
19. Medolago A., Melzi S. A flexible multi-body model of a surface miner for analyzing the interaction between rock-cutting forces and chassis vibrations. International Journal of Mining Science and Technology. 2021. Vol. 31, Iss. 3. pp. 365–375.
20. Fedulov A. I., Labutin V. N. Impact fracturing of frozen ground and rocks. Journal of Mining Science. 1995. Vol. 31, Iss. 5. pp. 366–369.
21. Mattis A. R., Kuznetsov V. I., Vasilev E. I. et al. Excavators with dynamic action buckets : Creation experience and application prospects. Novosibirsk : Nauka, 1996. 174 p.
22. Kuznetsov V. I., Mattis A. R., Tashkinov A. S., Vasilev E. I., Zaytsev G. D. Efficiency of excavation of overburden rock at quarries with the use of blast-free technology. Journal of Mining Science. 1997. Vol. 33, Iss. 5. pp. 471–477.
23. Levenson S. Ya., Lantsevich M. A., Gendlina L. I., Akishev A. N. New technology and equipment for non-explosive formation of free face in deep open pit mines. Journal of Mining Science. 2016. Vol. 52, Iss. 5. pp. 943–948.
24. Lantsevich M. A., Levenson S. Ya., Fokin A. B. Attachments of hydraulic excavator for trimming slopes of ledges. Patent RF, No. 2756889. Applied: 14.12.2020. Published: 06.10.2021. Bulletin No. 28.
25. Destroyer Doosan DX420LCA. Doosan. Available at: https://doosan.com.ru/product/razrushitel-doosan-dx420lca (accessed: 30.03.2024).
26. Destroyer (Demolition) KOCUREK KUHR-85-40. Available at: https://stmachinery.ru/product/kocurek/razrushiteli-demolition-kocurek-vysota-21-70-m/rabotyna-vysote-40-45-m/kuhr-85-40/ (accessed: 30.03.2024).
27. R 960 Demolition Litronic. Liebherr. Available at: https://www.liebherr.com/en/rus/products/construction-machines/earthmoving/crawler-excavators/details/414996.html (accessed: 30.03.2024).
28. Kulikova E. G., Morozov A. V. Test results of inertial-impact method of rock destruction. Naukoemkie tekhnologii razrabotki i ispolzovaniya mineralnykh resursov. 2022. No. 8. pp. 142–147.