Empress Catherine II Saint-Petersburg Mining University, Saint-Petersburg, Russia

S. M. Daniliev, Associate Professor, Candidate of Geological and Mineralogical Sciences, Danilev_sm@pers.spmi.ru

O. M. Shnyukova, Post-Graduate Student

VNIMI, Saint-Petersburg, Russia
S. N. Mulev, Director of Science

This article is devoted to the development of approaches to local prediction of rock mass conditions and stability monitoring in underground workings using measurements of acoustic and natural electromagnetic emission to assess stress redistribution in rock mass before its critical state is reached. Measurements of acoustic emission in underground workings are successfully used for the stress–strain behavior prediction in rocks and are included in working regulatory documents at some mines. However, acoustic emission measurement requires a stable contact between attachable or downhole (micro downhole) sensors and rock mass, which means additional associate work to be carried out and, as a result, increases the time of research and prediction. Measurement of natural electromagnetic emission in mine workings is a promising direction in predictive research. Its undeniable advantage is the possibility of real-time observations over rock mass condition. In order to find the relationship between the activity of acoustic and natural electromagnetic emission and the increase in stresses in rocks, laboratory tests of rock samples from the Oktyabrsky deposit were performed. The studies of acoustic and electromagnetic signal flows under uniaxial compression with synchronized registration were carried out on the prepared samples of the main rock types of the Oktyabrsky deposit. The performed studies demonstrate the prospects of the technology based on the natural electromagnetic emission generated by rocks under critical stresses for the local prediction objectives.

1. Kosukhin N. I., Sidorov D. V., Shabarov A. N. Stress–strain state assessment in ore body mining in small-amplitude faulting zones. MIAB. 2014. No. 12. pp. 142–148.
2. Marysyuk V. P., Sabyanin G. V., Andreev A. A., Vasiliev D. A. Stress assessment in deep-level stoping in Talnakh mines. Gornyi Zhurnal. 2020. No. 6. pp. 17–22.
3. Trushko V. L., Protosenya A. G. Prospects of geomechanics development in the context of new technological paradigm. Journal of Mining Institute. 2019. Vol. 236. pp. 162–166.
4. Karasev M. A., Buslova M. A., Vilner M. A., Nguyen T. T. Method for predicting the stress–strain state of the vertical shaft lining at the drift landing section in saliferous rocks. Journal of Mining Institute. 2019. Vol. 240. pp. 628–637.
5. Meshkov А. А., Popov A. L., Popova Yu. V., Smolin A. V., Shabarov A. N. Prediction of hazardous phenomena within operating coal seam for the Yalevsky mine field. MIAB. 2020. No. 2. pp. 22–33.
6. Gospodarikov A. P., Trofimov A. V., Kirkin A. P. Evaluation of deformation characteristics of brittle rocks beyond the limit of strength in the mode of uniaxial servohydraulic loading. Journal of Mining Institute. 2022. Vol. 256. pp. 539–548.
7. Gospodarikov A. P., Kirkin A. P., Kovalevskiy V. N. On some local rock burst prevention methods. Izvestiya Tulskogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta. Nauki o Zemle. 2021. No. 2. pp. 77–93.
8. Shabarov A. N., Zvezdkin V. A., Anokhin A. G. Studies of the stress–strain state of intrusion in the process of joint mining of ore deposits of the Oktyabrskiy and Talnakhskiy deposits. Journal of Mining Institute. 2012. Vol. 198. pp. 161–165.
9. Dashko R. E., Romanov I. S. Forecasting of mining and geological processes based on the analysis of the underground space of the Kupol deposit as a multicomponent system (Chukotka Autonomous Region, Anadyr district). Journal of Mining Institute. 2021. Vol. 247. pp. 20–32.
10. Protosenya A. G., Alekseev A. V., Verbilo P. E. Prediction of the stress–strain state and stability of the front of tunnel face at the intersection of disturbed zones of the soil mass. Journal of Mining Institute. 2022. Vol. 254. pp. 252–260.
11. Gladyr A. V., Kursakin G. A., Rasskazov M. I., Konstantinov A. V. Method to detect hazardous areas in rock mass from seismoacoustic observations. MIAB. 2019. No. 8. pp. 21–32.
12. Li Z., Lei Y., Wang E., Frid V., Li D. et al. Characteristics of electromagnetic radiation and the acoustic emission response of multi-scale rock-like material failure and their application. Foundations. 2022. Vol. 2, Iss. 3. pp. 763–780.
13. Rasskazova I. Yu., Tsirel S. V., Rozanov A. O., Tereshkin A. A., Gladyr A. V. Application of acoustic measurement data to characterize initiation and development of disintegration focus in a rock mass. Journal of Mining Science. 2017. Vol. 53, Iss. 2. pp. 224–231.
14. Lin P., Wei P., Wang C., Kang S., Wang X. Effect of rock mechanical properties on electromagnetic radiation mechanism of rock fracturing. Journal of Rock Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering. 2021. Vol. 13, Iss. 4. pp. 798–810.
15. Wei M., Song D., He X., Lou Q., Qiu L. et al. Characteristics of electromagnetic vector field generated from rock fracturing. Journal of Rock Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering. 2023. Vol. 15, I ss. 2. pp. 457–466.
16. Bizyaev A. A., Voronkina N. M., Savchenko A. V., Tsupov M. N. Methodology for the noncontact determination of dangerously loaded zones in a mine array. Ugol. 2019. No. 11. pp. 27–31.
17. Wei M., Song D., He X., Li Z., Qiu L. et al. Effect of rock properties on electromagnetic radiation characteristics generated by rock fracture during uniaxial compression. Rock Mechanics and Rock Engineering. 2020. Vol. 53. pp. 5223–5238.
18. Maniak K., Mydlikowski R. Autonomous instrumentation for measuring electromagnetic radiation from rocks in mine conditions—A Functional analysis. Sensors. 2022. Vol. 22, No. 2. ID 600.
19. Trofimov A. V., Rumyantsev A. E., Gospodarikov A. P., Kirkin A. P. Non-destructive ultrasonic method of testing the strength of backfill concrete at deep Talnakh mines. Tsvetnye Metally. 2020. No. 12. pp. 16–22.
20. Trofimov A. V., Kirkin A. P., Rumyantsev A. E., Yavarov A. V. Use of numerical modelling to determine optimum overcoring parameters in rock stress–strain state analysis. Tsvetnye Metally. 2020. No. 12. pp. 22–27.
21. Trofimov A. V., Rumyantsev A. E., Gospodarikov A. P., Kirkin A. P. Non-destructive ultrasonic method of testing the strength of backfill concrete at deep Talnakh mines. Tsvetnye Metally. 2020. No. 12. pp. 28–33.
22. Nesterenko M. R. Structure and composition of picritic gabbro-dolerites of the Оktyabrsky deposit central part. Otechestvennaya geologiya. 2020. No. 6. pp. 39–47.
23. Shibaev I. A., Belov O. D., Sas I. E. Determination of dynamic and static elasticity modules of granite samples. MIAB. 2021. No. 4-1. pp. 5–15.
24. Duryagina A. M., Talovina I. V., Lieberwirth H., Ilalova R. K. Morphometric parameters of sulphide ores as a basis for selective ore dressing. Journal of Mining Institute. 2022. Vol. 256. pp. 527–538.
25. Mulev S. N., Starnikov V. N., Romanevich O. A. The current stage of development of the geophysical method for recording natural electromagnetic radiation (EEMI–NER). Ugol. 2019. No. 10. pp. 6–14.
26. Daniliev S., Danilieva N., Mulev S., Frid V. Integration of seismic refraction and fractureinduced electromagnetic radiation methods to assess the stability of the roof in mineworkings. Minerals. 2022. Vol. 12, Iss. 5. ID 609.