RWTH — Rhein-Westfalia Technical University (Aachen, Germany):

A. Babich, Dr. Eng., Prof., Dept. of Ferrous Metallurgy (IEHK), e-mail: alexander.babich@iehk.rwth-aachen.de
D. Senk, Dr. Eng., Dept. of Ferrous Metallurgy (IEHK)

Application of novel materials for hot metal and sponge iron production — renewable and secondary energy sources as well as unconventional forms of coal, coke and iron burden – can be considered as short and mid-term measures to mitigate climate and resources trends. To radically counteract these challenges, intensive use of hydrogen starting with available hydrogen-containing media such as original and reformed natural and coke oven gases or coalbed methane, over pure hydrogen produced e. g. by electrolysis, photo-catalysis or membrane processes, up to plasma hydrogen etc. will be unavoidable in future. The IEHK is designing and creating a new lab for systematic study on application of hydrogen and hydrogen-containing synthetic and other media as well as bio-based sources in existing and new processes for iron extraction. New technologies enabling the extraction of multiple metals from ores or even from rocks such as basalt containing e. g. Si, Al, Fe, Mg, Ca and other elements will probably be developed. The IEHK is working on the development of new methods, technologies and aggregates for the multivalent integrated use of various primary and secondary raw materials.

1. Babich, A.; Senk, D.; Gudenau, H. W.: Ironmaking, Verlag Stahleisen GmbH, (2016).
2. Bhattacharjee, D.: Future with steel, 1st ESTAD & 31st JSI, 7–8 April 2014, Paris, France.
3. Mousa, E.; Babich, A.; Senk, D.: ISIJ Int. 51 (2011) No. 3, pp. 350/58.
4. Babich, A.; Senk, D.; Gudenau, H. W.: Ironmak. Steelmak. 36 (2009) No. 3, pp. 222/29.
5. Mousa, E.: Reduction of iron ore burden materials with nut coke under simulated blast furnace conditions, RWTH Aachen, 2011 (Dr.-Ing. thesis).
6. Lundgren, M.; Sundqvist Ölivist, L.; Brandell, C.: Development of nut coke activation for energy efficient blast furnace operation, Proc. AISTech 2015, Cleveland, USA. 4–7 May 2015, Vol. I, pp. 638/51.
7. Nomura, S.; Terashima, H.; Sato, E.; Naito, M.: ISIJ Int. 47 (2007) No. 6, pp. 823/30.
8. Gudenau, H. W.; Senk, D.; Fukada, K.; Babich, A.; Fröhling, C.: Proc. Int. Blast Furnace Lower Zone Sympos., Wollongong, Australia, 25–27 Nov 2002, p. 11–1.
9. Katayama, K.; Kasama, S.: ISIJ Int. 56 (2016) No. 9, pp. 1563/69.
10. Tovarovsky, I. G.: Cognition of Processes and Development of the Blast Furnace Technology (in Russian), Zhurfond, Dnepropetrovsk, 2015.
11. Steer, J. M.; Marsh, R.; Greenslade, M.; Robinson, A.: Fuel 151 (2015), pp. 40/49.
12. Wieder, K.; Böhm, C.; Wurm, J.; Vuletic, B.: BHM, 149 (2004) No. 11, pp. 379/84.
13. Knepper, M.: Untersuchungen zur Reaktionskinetik und Umsetzung von Reduktionsmitteln im Hochofen und Einschmelzvergaser, RWTH Aachen, 2014 (Dr.-Ing. thesis).
14. Schwarz, M.; Babich, A.; Senk, D.; Sadiku, V.; Gbadebo, P.: Usage of biomass in cokemaking, Proc. ScanmetV, Luleä, Sweden, 12–15 June 2016.
15. Fischer, J.: Biomasse, [in:] Regenerative Energietechnik, Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg, 2009, pp. 323/74.
16. Babich, A.; Senk, D.: stahl u. eisen 133 (2013) No. 5, pp. 57/67.
17. Babich, A.; Senk, D.; Fernandez, M.: ISIJ Int., 50 (2010) No. 1, pp. 81/88.
18. Plastics — the Facts: An analysis of European plastics production, demand and waste data, PlasticsEurope, Brussels, Belgium, 2014–15.
19. Babich, A.; Senk, D.; Knepper, M.; Benkert, S.: Ironmak. Steelmak. 43 (2016) No. 1, pp. 11/21.
20. Mousa, E. A.; Babich, A.; Senk, D.: Iron ore sintering process with biomass utilization, Proc. METEC & 2nd ESTAD, 15–19 June 2015, Düsseldorf, Germany.
21. Niwa, Y.; Sakamoto, N.; Komatsu, O.; Nöda, FL; Kumasaka, A.: ISIJ Int. 33 (1993) No. 4, pp. 454/61.
22. Mousa, E.; Babich, A.; Senk, D.: steel res. int. 86 (2015) No. 11, pp. 1350/60.
23. Steindorf, G.; Babich, A.; Senk, D.: Granulation of ultra-fi ne ores for utilization in iron ore sintering, Proc. 3rd ESTAD, Vienna, Austria, 26–29 June 2017.
24. Kowitwarangkul, P.: Behaviour of self-reducing pellet (SRP) for the use in a low height blast furnace, RWTH Aachen, 2014 (Dr.-Ing. thesis).
25. Wang, S.: Verhalten von kohlenstoff haltigen Eisenerzagglomeraten bei der Reduktion, RWTH Aachen, 2004 (Dr.-Ing. thesis).
26. Ohno, K.; Babich, A.; Mitsue, J; Maeda, Т.; Senk, D.; Gudenau, H. W.; Shimizu, M.: ISIJ Int. 52 (2012) No. 8, pp. 1482/88.
27. Babich, A.; Ohno, К.; Senk, D.; Gudenau, H. W. Kowitwarangkul, P.; Ueki, Y.; Shimizu, M.: Use of charcoal, biomass and waste plastics for reducing CO₂ emission in ironmaking, Proc. METEC InSteelCon 2011, EECRSteel, Düsseldorf, Germany, 27.06–1.07.2011.
28. Uchida, A.; Kanai, T.; Yamazaki, Y.; Hiraki, K.; Saito, Y.; Aoki, H.; Komatsu, N.; Okuyama, N; Hamaguchi. M.: ISIJ Int. 53 (2013) No. 3, pp. 403/10.
29. RFCS Research Contract EUR 26414, ULCOS top gas recycling blast furnace process [ULCOS TGRBF), Luxembourg, Luxembourg, European Commission, 2014.
30. Babich, A.; Senk, D.; Born, S.: ISIJ Int. 54 (2014) No. 12, pp. 2 704/12.
31. Mousa, E.; Babich, A.; Senk, D.: ISIJ Int. 53 (2013) No. 8, pp. 1372/80.
32. Mousa, E.; Babich, A.; Senk, D.: steel res. int. 84 (2013) No. 11, pp. 1085/97.
33. Schwarz,M.: Beitrag zur energetischen und stofflichen Verwertung von Biomasse in der Eisenmetallurgie, RWTH Aachen, 2017 (Dr.-Ing. thesis).
34. Opening of the HBI plant in Texas marks start of a new era at voestalpine, MPT Int. 40 (2017) No. 1, pp. 30/32.
35. Feilmayr, C.; Bürgler, T.; Schuster, S.: Anlagentechnische Entwicklungen in der Reduktionsmetallurgie im Kontext CO₂-Reduktion — Midrex und 3-D-Möllerradar, 30. Aachener Stahlkolloquium, Aachen, Germany, 3-4 Sept 2015, pp. 93/104.
36. Born, S.: Untersuchungen zum Verhalten und Einfl uss des Einblasens von DRIund LRI in Schachtöfen, RWTH Aachen, 2017 (Dr.-Ing. thesis).