Tula State University (Tula, Russia):

A. S. Yamnikov, Dr. Eng., Prof., Dept. “Machinebuilding Technology”, e-mail: yamnikovas@mail.ru
I. A. Matveev, Engineer, Post-Graduate, Dept. “Machinebuilding Technology”, e-mail: ivan_matveev@list.ru

NPO “Splav” (Tula, Russia):

E. N. Rodionova, Engineer, Post-Graduate, Head of Central measurement Laboratory

When machining long tubular bodies of products, errors in the shape of the finally finished surfaces usually appear even if all the known recommendations and technological procedures are observed. In many cases, this is due to manifestations of technological heredity by redistributing residual stresses arising at the stage of obtaining the workpiece. But for thin-walled workpieces, elastic deformations that occur when fastening on machines, for example, in three-jaw chucks, are also significantly influencing. According to well-known recommendations, the jaws of the cams are made with a large angle of coverage of the workpiece, approaching 360°, however, due to variations in the size and shape of the base surface of the workpiece, elastic deformations are inevitable in this case. It is obvious that after processing and unfastening, the shape of the treated surface will change, but in the well-known literature there is no information about the behavior of the shape of the base surface. According to the general theory of technological heredity, when removing the allowance from the surface to be treated, the redistribution of residual stresses in the workpiece material also occurs, and this, when released, can lead to a distortion of the shape of the base surface. In order to clarify this hypothesis, a special experiment was conducted under production conditions in which the behavior of both the processed and basic surfaces of the workpiece was studied. Measurements showed that immediately after processing, the error in the shape of the treated surface at the site of attachment tends to zero, and when releasing, form errors occur, and an order of magnitude smaller than before processing. At the maximum distance from the place of fastening, the picture changes: after processing, there are minor shape errors that disappear after unfixing. The hypothesis about the distortion of the base surface relative to the initial one was confirmed. The angular position of the errors relative to the initial one has changed, and most importantly, the size has changed (decreased), by about 0.02 mm.

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